It’s easy to notice the gray whiskers or slower pace on your morning walks—but not every change in a senior dog is so obvious. Aging brings new health needs, and while many conditions can be managed, early recognition is key. Subtle shifts in behavior, appetite, or mobility are often the first signs of underlying disease.
At Advanced Veterinary Medical Center in Milpitas, California, we’re here to help you understand what to expect as your dog enters their senior years—and how to support their health, comfort, and quality of life at every stage.
When Is a Dog Considered “Senior”?
The number varies. Large and giant breeds often reach senior status by age 7, while smaller dogs may not show signs of aging until closer to 10 or 11. But age alone doesn’t tell the whole story. Genetics, lifestyle, and underlying conditions all play a role in how—and when—dogs begin to slow down.
What matters most is watching for early changes and being proactive with wellness care. Preventive testing for senior pets can uncover hidden conditions long before symptoms appear, giving you a head start on treatment.
Common Health Conditions in Senior Dogs
As dogs age, their bodies and behavior change. Here are some of the most common issues we see—and what to watch for.
- Osteoarthritis
You may notice stiffness in the morning, reluctance to play, or difficulty climbing stairs. These are classic signs of joint discomfort. Regular, low-impact exercise can help preserve mobility. - Dental disease
Bad breath and visible tartar aren’t just cosmetic concerns. Dental disease can lead to pain, infection, and even affect the heart and kidneys. Learn more about the importance of oral health in aging pets. - Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS)
CDS is often compared to dementia in humans. You may notice disorientation, changes in sleep, or loss of house training. Cornell University and Colorado State University both offer helpful resources on recognizing and managing cognitive decline. - Heart disease
Coughing, fatigue, and reduced stamina may be signs of early heart problems that deserve attention. - Kidney disease
Increased thirst, changes in urination, and weight loss are often the first signs. - Diabetes
Excessive thirst and urination, coupled with weight loss, may point to diabetes—a manageable condition if diagnosed early. - Hypothyroidism
Low thyroid hormone can lead to lethargy, weight gain, and thinning hair. Cornell’s resource on hypothyroidism explains more about this often-overlooked condition. - Cancer
Lumps, changes in appetite, and unexplained weight loss may signal a more serious issue. Learn about common types of cancer in pets and when to investigate further.
When to Call the Vet
It’s easy to dismiss some symptoms as “just old age,” but many are actually signs that your dog needs medical attention. Contact us if your dog:
- Drinks or urinates more than usual
- Acts withdrawn or unusually clingy
- Has trouble standing or walking
- Coughs or breathes heavily with minimal exertion
- Loses weight without a dietary change
- Seems confused or disoriented
Catching these signs early allows us to step in with diagnostics and treatment before the issue progresses.
How We Diagnose Senior Health Conditions
At Advanced Veterinary Medical Center, we use a range of diagnostic tools tailored to your dog’s symptoms and history:
- Comprehensive exams with a focus on mobility, organ health, and behavior
- Blood tests to check thyroid function, kidney and liver values, glucose levels, and more
- Urinalysis for kidney function and early diabetes indicators
- X-rays and ultrasound to evaluate joints, organs, and detect masses
- Behavioral history to assess cognitive function and lifestyle changes
We work with you to create a plan that matches your dog’s needs and your goals for their care.
What Treatment Can Look Like
Many senior conditions are manageable—especially when diagnosed early. Treatment may include:
- Medication for pain, inflammation, or hormone imbalances
- Specialized diets or nutritional supplements for kidney support, joint health, or cognitive decline. This guide from Purina offers insights into helpful supplements.
- Dental cleanings to prevent more serious systemic issues
- Lifestyle modifications like ramps, shorter walks, and cushioned bedding
- Behavioral enrichment and structure to support cognitive health
We’ll also walk you through long-term care planning, so you’re never left guessing about what’s next.
Why Early Intervention Matters
Left untreated, many of these conditions can progress into chronic pain, decreased mobility, or organ failure. That’s why twice-yearly exams are often recommended for senior dogs. As outlined in the AAHA senior pet care guidelines, more frequent checkups give us the best chance of catching issues early and improving outcomes.
Senior Dogs at Home: Easy Changes That Help
Creating a supportive home environment can dramatically improve your dog’s comfort.
| Helpful Home Modifications | Benefit |
| Soft, non-slip bedding | Eases pressure on joints and keeps dogs comfortable |
| Ramps or pet stairs | Reduces risk from jumping off furniture or into cars |
| Raised bowls | Eases strain on the neck and back |
| Short, frequent walks | Keeps joints moving without overexertion |
| Puzzle toys or training games | Supports mental health and prevents boredom |
Daily routines that include gentle activity and stimulation can go a long way in helping your senior dog feel like themselves.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should my senior dog visit the vet?
We recommend every six months for dogs over age seven. More frequent visits help us spot issues early.
Should I change my senior dog’s food?
Possibly. Many aging dogs benefit from formulas designed to support joint, kidney, or metabolic health.
Is increased sleep normal for senior dogs?
Some increase in rest is expected, but significant changes—especially if paired with other symptoms—should be discussed.
Can older dogs still play and exercise?
Absolutely. In fact, regular movement helps maintain muscle mass and mental clarity. The key is finding the right pace and duration for their condition.
Aging Doesn’t Mean Slowing Down
With the right care and a proactive approach, your dog’s senior years can be full of life, comfort, and companionship. Whether you’re noticing new symptoms or just want to get ahead of potential changes, we’re here to help.
Schedule a senior wellness exam at Advanced Veterinary Medical Center, or meet our team to learn more about how we care for aging pets—and support the families who love them.
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